The operations manual is a mandatory document that is provided every time you sell a product or you can demand it while purchasing a product to get better understandings of how to operate it. With the advancement in technology hundreds of products have been launched on daily basis and these manuals will assist everyone to get proper demo of how to operate several products. There are some basic points which remain same in all the fields with small variations from business to business while preparing such manuals.
The basic frame-work of the manual contains the history and vision of the company. The company-wide information is beneficial for all the people related to or are going to relate to an organization by providing a whole picture of how your company works and what services you offer to your client.
The sample manual provided here will assist you to prepare your own operations manual or you can use it by making necessary changes. There are some basic terms which you need to read or accept before downloading the provided template;.
This policy sets out requirements for schools and school councils when managing school-related finances. The Finance Manual is set out in the Guidance tab. Each section of the Finance Manual is set out in the Guidance tab on each of the pages listed above. The following acronyms and definitions are commonly used throughout the sections of the Finance Manual listed above.
These acronyms and definitions must be read in conjunction with the definitions contained in the Education and Training Reform Act Vic and the Education and Training Reform Regulations Vic. Business Manager Business Manager usually refers to an Education Support ES staff member who performs financial and related administrative activities. The term is used throughout the manual to cover administrative managers, registrars and clerical officers in smaller schools and principals in small primary schools where clerical assistance is not available, and any other officer with this responsibility.
Capital assets examples include plant and equipment, motor vehicles, land and buildings. Designated officer A designated officer is a staff member authorised by the school council after consultation with the principal to carry out administrative functions that affect financial decisions of the school council. School Community Associations School Community Associations are organisations formed for the purpose of assisting schools in terms of regulations 52 to 57 of the Education and Training Reform Regulations They may, with the approval of the school council, raise funds for the benefit of the school.
A technique called flashing is used in roofing systems to help seal out water. Flashing is installed where two sections of roof come together, which is called a valley since the roof sections usually join at an angle. Flashing is also used where something penetrates through the roof line, such a vent pipe, or roof ventilation.
Flashing is typically metal. Roofs commonly leak around the flashing. Over time, metal may corrode, form pinhole openings, develop metal fatigue, or pull away from the vent or other adjoining surface. If roofing cement has been used to seal the flashing, it can dry out and crack. Any of these conditions can create a leak. Good periodic maintenance of the roof includes an annual examination of the flashing. Gutters need to be kept clean in order to function properly; leaves, debris, plant or tree droppings should be cleaned out regularly.
Clogged gutters or down-spouts will not work, and water problems are invited into the school building if they are left that way. Also they should be examined for pinhole leaks or rusted sections that leak water. Gutter brackets should not be broken or rusted. Down-spout pipes, called leaders, should be intact, with no rust, holes, or broken sections. The rainwater should freely flow through the gutters and into the down-spouts.
If not, the gutters may not be aligned correctly; they should slope toward the down-spout. Improper alignment should be corrected promptly, because it will defeat the purpose of the gutter system. Never allow water from down-spout to pour directly on a roof below. Connect upper storey down spouts to lower level gutters.
Most of the newer school buildings have exteriors planned to be as maintenance-free as possible. A newer school building may feature concrete block or brick walls with breeze and fashion blocks in some walls.
But some school buildings may not be new, and the exterior may not be quite as maintenance-free. The specifics of the programme will depend upon the materials used and their current condition. A visual inspection of the exterior of the school building should be done to look for the changing conditions of the exterior walls and covering.
These are all clues that some maintenance action is needed. The exterior walls of the school building have to be kept clean and free of debris. Leaves and plant materials should be raked away from the walls so that any water that falls there will drain away, and not be retained where it might penetrate the walls and foundation. A semiannual exterior cleaning is an important step in the maintenance process.
In exterior brick, concrete block, or any masonry walls, the basic concerns are cracking and water intrusion. Water can affect masonry in a variety of ways. It can affect the mortar, a special kind of binding cement applied at joints to hold the individual pieces of masonry together.
Over a period of time, water can erode the mortar, causing the original mortar mix to disintegrate. If there are cracks, there are more openings for water to enter. If there is a whitish film deposited on the face of the masonry, this is called efflorescence and is the result of dried mineral salts.
Water in the masonry picks up minerals, and when the water meets the outside air it evaporates, leaving a residue of mineral salts. Fresh mortar has to be put into those open joints, using a small triangular shaped trowel. Over time, problems may plague the wainscot, the external masonry wall covering. The paint over the wainscot may peel or flake away due to moisture.
Wainscot can also crack due to settlement. Cracks must be filled to avoid water getting inside and causing further deterioration of the surface. The joint between the masonry portion of the exterior and any other material such as wood or metal trim on doors and window frames should be carefully checked. Because the materials are dissimilar, they have different rates and characteristics of expansion and contraction. This movement can open the joint even if it has been caulked, and that can allow water to enter.
A high grade of exterior caulk should be use to seal the joints. Wood siding walls may be planks or boards installed either vertically or horizontally. Wood shingles or panels are made of exterior grade plywood or other composite materials such as hardboard or wafer-board. Wood siding products are all vulnerable to water.
Two simple rules apply to maintaining wood exteriors:. When the protective coating starts to wear, it loses its ability to shed water. The underlying wood becomes susceptible to water intrusion, then warping and rotting. Therefore, in the periodic stroll around the school building, look for peeling or flaking paint, or stains that have worn so thin that the wood grain is exposed and raised. Also look for open joints, however small, where water can penetrate; open joints pose problems even if the paint or stain coating itself is in prime condition.
Action should be taken before wood rot sets in because if that occurs, the only course may be to tear off the rotted section and install new materials, which is always more expensive. Typically, the maximum time interval for repainting or re-staining and applying waterproofing is seven to ten years for wood plank siding, or wood shingles; though it is better to plan on a five to a seven-year cycle.
For other wood materials, it is much less. Exterior plywood must be checked each year and may need more frequent treatment. Particle board certainly will need touch-up every year to avoid warping and disintegration.
Remember that exposed edges of any wood siding material, plank, shingle or panel, are the points where water is most likely to penetrate and cause problems.
Those edges should be well sealed with paint and caulk. If there are metal frames, doors, windows, and railings, the protective paint coating should be in good conditions, otherwise it will have rust and deteriorate. Wood doors, windows, railings and posts should be sanded and painted.
Door and window hinges should be oiled at least annually. Besides paint, maintenance of interior masonry walls usually is minimal unless cracks --visible either on one side or both-- appear.
Pay special attention to them and answer these questions:. The horizontal crack generally is the most serious because it might indicate great pressure against the wall from the outside.
A vertical crack, or one that is stair step, is likely caused by differential stress along the base of the wall. It may result from simple settlement of the school building on its foundations and footings. In other cases, water has gotten down far enough to soften the soil at the foundation base in one location, causing it to sag while the other part stays rigid. Upward stress movement can cause differential stress; hydrostatic pressure from water in particular soil groups, notably expansive clays.
These clay formations can expand dramatically when wet, then they shrink when dry. It can be a bit like a battering ram against the foundation. If there is a hairline crack where the walls join other elements, just resealing and repainting ought to do the trick. Windows should open and close easily. The operators on louvered windows should work properly. Glass windows should be completed, fitting the sheet of glass into the window frame.
Many interior doors are hollow-core. There is a skeleton of wood members inside with a thin veneer over it. They are light and less expensive but do not take much force to accidentally punch a hole in one. Sometimes a door starts to stick at a corner. This is typically due to some movement or settlement of the school building, causing the door frame to be out of plumb. If it is not serious, the door can be removed and the sticking edge planed down slightly to relieve the problem. Potentially there has been substantial movement in the school building which should be investigated.
On occasion, the ceiling may sag. This may be due to panels loosening, or if it has plaster, the plaster coats may be pulling away from the lath underneath. It may also be structural, such as an overloading of a ceiling joint or truss above. Or it could be water, a leak which is working its way behind and under the ceiling material and causing deterioration.
Water is provided either by a public system or a private well, and the water storage could be underground or elevated. From there the distribution enters the school building through the wall or up through the floor slab, and water goes into distribution piping, which runs throughout the school building.
Next there is waste collection. At each lavatory, sink, wash basin, shower, drinking fountain, urinal, and toilet there will be a connection to waste collection piping. Waste water is channeled down and out of the school building.
If there is a public waste treatment, a pipe from the school will join a major public sewer line. If there is an on-site treatment, the pipe will lead to a septic treatment system. Waste collection piping also has vents to get sewer gas into the atmosphere, and provide air into the system to help it work. These vents should lead to the roof so that sewer gases are vented into the atmosphere.
In between the water supply and the waste collection systems, there are fixtures. A fixture may be a lavatory, a sink, a washing basin, a shower, a drinking fountain, a urinal or a toilet.
The fixture is where the water distribution and the waste collection join. Fortunately, problems with plumbing systems do no happen often, but when they do, generally the problems are leaks, which should be dealt with promptly.
Damage to the school can be as severe as water from rain; in fact, plumbing leaks often can be a bigger problem. If the water system is under pressure, and a rupture in the water system will cause water to continue spilling into the school compound. Most of the plumbing is out of sight, behind the walls and under the floor, so typically you cannot see the leaks when they occur until they manifest somewhere else. If a water pipe ruptures, pressure will force the water out, and the water supply should be temporary turned off.
0コメント